This anatomy course is designed to introduce students to the basic structure and functional relationship of the human body. Through a series of weekly learning modules, students will learn about the basic language of Gross Anatomy and Histology in order to understand the working of various body systems. This course is also suitable for individuals who have a general interest in human anatomy.

Introduction to mammalian histology, or microscopic anatomy, a branch of anatomical sciences focusing on structures and functions of tissues and cells at the light and electron microscope level. Structure-function relationships within many tissues and organs at the cell and tissue level will be a focus.
NOTE Priority will be given to students registered in a LISC Specialization Plan or Health Sciences plan.

Study of the structure and function of the nervous system by lectures, hands-on laboratories, brain dissection, and readings. Topics include, but are not limited to, sensory and motor systems, brain imaging, and clinical examples.

ANAT 380 will explore regional anatomy of the human body focusing on the major organ systems, their components, and the relationships between them. In this course, students will apply anatomical knowledge to collaboratively solve case-based clinical scenarios, and develop a realistic clinical case based on an underlying anatomical issue.
Note: Also offered online.

Students work individually and collaboratively to develop macro and microdissection skills using human cadaveric specimens. Students learn how cadaveric dissection for teaching purposes (prosection) influences communication and teaching of anatomy.

A focused histological and cell biological study of three selected mammalian tissues, organs and/or systems.

In ANAT 471, students work individually/collaboratively to explore stages of normal human embryonic and fetal development and how changes in underlying mechanisms link to common congenital or developmental abnormalities. Various assessments include quizzes, a journal club, a PBL investigating a developmental abnormality, a midterm and final exam.

ANAT 599 is a course on collaborative research in the Anatomical Sciences. Students will use a team-based approach to devise a research question that addresses a gap in knowledge in the Anatomical Sciences. Research questions may include basic science queries based in human anatomy, and questions related to teaching and learning in the Anatomical Sciences. In small groups, students will develop and carry out comprehensive research objectives, and draft a complete manuscript of the summative work intended for publication in a peer-reviewed academic journal. Using the skills previously gained in ANAT 391, students will also produce a high-quality prosected human anatomical specimen. The goal of prosection is to dissect a specimen in a stepwise manner aimed at teaching the dissected structures. To develop proficiencies in online anatomical education and communicating complex anatomical concepts, students will be expected to use audio and visual elements to create a presentation highlighting the key features of their respective specimens. Students will participate in self-reflection and peer feedback to think critically about their skills in anatomical research and pedagogy. The advancement of the relevant competences will facilitate professional development. The course has various types of assessments including a practical dissected specimen and accompanying presentation video, thoughtful reflection and peer feedback, and a summative research manuscript. Students will have the opportunity to develop a research question with their teams and complete research objectives in a comprehensive and thoughtful manner, mentored by the course instructors.

Molecules and macromolecules that participate in the replication and expression of genes. Current methods for exploring the structure, function, and manipulation of genetic material.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.
LEARNING HOURS may vary. 120 (36L;12T;72P)
EQUIVALENCY MBIO 218/3.0.

This course will introduce general biochemical concepts that will allow for an understanding of the biological and chemical principles underlying human physiology, health and disease. The course will provide self-paced learning and utilize evidence-based teaching principles, small group learning, peer-learning and guided-independent learning methodologies to provide an inclusive learning environment. Students will gain an enhanced appreciation of general applications of biochemistry as applied in day to day healthy life and during the disease states, diagnosis and clinical management of metabolic disorders.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.
NOTE This introductory biochemistry online course is intended for prospective students in Nursing, Environmental Sciences, Engineering, Commerce, and general science programs.
NOTE May not be taken for credit towards the Plan requirements of the BCHM or LISC Specialization or Major Plans.

An introduction to the field of applied genomics for identifying genes underlying multi-factorial traits, diseases, and drug treatment outcomes. Basic principles of gene mapping studies will be covered in the context of recent advances in the field including statistical methods, and integrative analyses of biological datasets.
Notes: Also offered online
LEARNING HOURS may vary: 120(48O;72P)

This course will focus on the principles of proteomics and metabolomics and their application in the new systems biology `omics approach to scientific discovery. This course will emphasize both the methodologies used in proteomics and metabolomics, as well as their applications in both research, medical diagnostics, and disease management.
NOTE: Only offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

This online course is designed to introduce students to cancer as an evolutionary problem. The material is unique in that it emphasizes the impact of the immune system in fighting cancer while at the same time shaping tumour cell evolution. Students will need to synthesize the impact of factors present in the tumour microenvironment.
NOTE Also offered online.

A consideration of current knowledge and theories about the biology and treatment of cancer. The course will be presented in a small group format, with active student participation required.
NOTE Priority to students in the LISC Specialization Plan, CANC Sub-Plan.

An advanced organ systems approach to the physiological principles underlying cardiac function and oxygen delivery using lectures, seminars, and selected readings. Topics include mechanics and regulation of heart function as well as perturbations in cardiac function. Oxygen delivery and utilization will be examined at the levels of the lung, blood, and tissue. The responses to alterations in oxygen demand and/or supply will also be addressed. Obstructive sleep apnea will be used as a model of a pathological cardiorespiratory system interactions.
NOTE Priority given to students in the CRSS Sub-Plan.

A study of the physiology, pharmacology and anatomy of the cardiovascular system. Topics include integrative mechanisms of control and pharmacotherapy involved in short-term and long-term control of the circulation in health and disease.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

An intensive course surveying the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of the major cardiovascular diseases, and the current and emerging tolls used in their diagnosis and treatment. Alterations in signalling, metabolism, and structure and function will be discussed to present an integrative view of how cardiovascular diseases develop and progress.
NOTE Priority given to students in the CRSS Sub-Plan.

Advanced study of the early stage components involved in the complex process of drug development including target identification, design and synthesis, structure activity relationships, in vitro and in vivo efficacy determination, biochemical and biological optimization.
NOTE Priority given to students in the LISC Specialization Plan, DDHT Sub-Plan.

Advanced study of the component parts of the complex process of drug discovery and development and the assessment of human toxicology including drug delivery and formulation, directed toxicology studies, drug disposition, clinical trials, legal issues and regulatory approval.
NOTE Priority given to students in the LISC Specialization Plan, DDHT Sub-Plan.

Social and Physical Determinants of Health and Disease will use evidence-based practices to address the impact of social and environmental sources on health at both an individual and population level. Students will focus how the contexts of peoples' lives affect their health, methods for measuring contextual effects, and the role of medical systems in creating health. Students will gain skills to understand and evaluate scientific literature and become community advocates for health by researching and preparing a PSA as a cumulative assessment.
NOTE: Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.
Note:

In this course, the learning emphasis will be on global and population health, instead of the health of individuals. As a discipline, global and population health prioritizes partnerships and resource sharing, instead of unilateral relationships, as well as having an important focus on advocacy.
NOTE Also offered online.

Students explore the impact of racism on the health of individuals and equity-deserving communities in Canada. A framework conceptualizing the social determinants of Indigenous Peoples' health, progressing from historical data to now are used. Reflection on biases, positionality, and skill development to support positive change are key components.

This course introduces and encourages the use of a global perspective to critically analyze technology developed to support/biohack human aging ranging from basic gerontechnologies that are currently in use to support older adults aging in place to cutting edge anti-aging technology.
NOTE: Also offered online

Students will take knowledge gained from GLPH 271, and apply it in this course, which will focus on more advanced topics of population and global health, as well as provide experiential learning.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

In this online course, students will examine how variations in determinants of health can affect delivery of health care to special populations and shape health policy. Specific populations covered will include neonates, marginalized populations, those in intensive and end-of-life palliative care.

This course will develop skills and advance the application of knowledge to support those affected by humanitarian health emergencies, including natural and man-made disasters. For example, students will assess the critical role of multi-disciplinary collaboration, charitable donations, and volunteer activities within the humanitarian sphere.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

This fourth-year course will focus on the use of real electronic healthcare data. Students will learn about the history of data processing, the laws and regulations governing the use of healthcare data nationally and internationally, analysis techniques, and how health informatics systems can be used to drive and support health interventions.

This course uses a socio-cultural lens to examine this multi-disciplinary field focusing on the intersection of human, animal and environmental health - locally and globally. Assessments involve the analysis of history, health policy and research frameworks, incorporating risk factors and diseases.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

GLPH 488 will focus on the challenges and opportunities of cancer care, education, research, and policy, especially in resource-limited settings. Students will integrate their learning in a research paper based on how cancer policy is at the intersection of all facets of cancer care, ultimately making a difference in outcomes of patients with cancer.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

This course will strengthen students' abilities to respond to a community's health needs through a practical service learning position with an approved local or international community health organization. Students will apply a reflective approach to community engagement in global health and consider the relationship between global health practice.
NOTE Registration must occur by permission through the Bachelor of Health Sciences Office.
132(60Pc;36O;36P)

This course is designed to introduce students to basic statistical concepts and techniques and provide them with practical skills for applying statistics to health sciences research. This includes data visualization, probability distributions, descriptive statistics, hypothesis testing, and parameter estimation. Specific techniques such as t-tests, correlations, analysis of variance, and regression analyses will also be covered. Throughout the course, real data will be used to guide learning. Students will also discuss and practice how to effectively interpret and report statistical findings within the health sciences. To be successful in the course assessments, students will need to progressively build their skills and apply the course knowledge to 1) select appropriate statistical tests based on the research question and data, 2) interpret findings from descriptive and statistical analyses, and 3) communicate the results effectively.
Note: Also offered online
Note: Learning Hours may vary

HSCI 270, Fundamentals of Health Research Methodology will introduce fundamentals of health-related research methods with a focus on developing critical reasoning skills. Using examples from a wide range of health-related research topics, students will gain familiarity and skills to assess primary literature at a basic level. Throughout the course, students will assess various aspects of both qualitative and quantitative research such as research questions, study rationales, study design, replicability/trustworthiness of research reports, and ethics for research involving human subjects.
Note: Also offered online
Note: Learning Hours may vary

Part I of a 12-16 month, professionally supervised, career-related position designed to offer students the opportunity to learn about current advances, practices and technologies in workplaces including business, industry, government, and community settings. Students will develop a range of workplace skills, learn about organizational culture, and expand their knowledge of career options.

Part II of a 12-16 month, professionally supervised, career-related position designed to offer students the opportunity to learn about current advances, practices and technologies in workplaces including business, industry, government, and community settings. Students will develop a range of workplace skills, learn about organizational culture, and expand their knowledge of career options.

Part III of a 12 month, professionally supervised, career-related position designed to offer students the opportunity to learn about current advances, practices and technologies in workplaces including business, industry, government, and community settings. Students will develop a range of workplace skills, learn about organizational culture, and expand their knowledge of career options.

Part III of a 16-month, professionally supervised, career-related position designed to offer students the opportunity to learn about current advances, practices and technologies in workplaces including business, industry, government, and community settings. Students will develop a range of workplace skills, learn about organizational culture, and expand their knowledge of career options.

Part IV of a 16-month, professionally supervised, career-related position designed to offer students the opportunity to learn about current advances, practices and technologies in workplaces including business, industry, government, and community settings. Students will develop a range of workplace skills, learn about organizational culture, and expand their knowledge of career options.

Students will have the opportunity to develop and apply a mixed methods design for research. The course instruction will assist students as they navigate processes of literature review, question development, experimental design, proposed approaches to data analyses (both quantitative and qualitative) and proposed methods of knowledge mobilization.

In this course students will explore multiple qualitative methodologies and methods used to collect and analyze non-numeric behaviours, experiences, and perspectives. This course provides an opportunity to enhance and apply qualitative research skills. Students will design and initiate a qualitative research project on a topical health issue.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

This course will allow students to carry out components of a research project in the Health Sciences. Students will gain experience searching relevant literature, developing research questions, establishing and testing hypotheses (where appropriate), designing a research plan and methods. (Note: The primary difference between HSCI 591 (120 hours) and HSCI 598 (240 hours) is the number of hours the student is expected to spend on the project, which corresponds to a lesser scope of the research project in HSCI 591).

This course will allow students to carry out a research project in the Health Sciences. Students will gain experience searching relevant literature, developing research questions/hypotheses, and designing a research plan and methods.

This course will allow students to carry out a research project in the Health Sciences. Meant to follow HSCI 592/598, students will gain experience answering research questions and/or testing hypotheses using a research plan and methods developed during the initial course, with an emphasis on the development of research skills and practice interpreting data.
Exclusion: no more than 12 units from HSCI 591,592,593,594,595,598,599.

"This course will allow students to carry out components of a research project in the Health Sciences. Meant to follow HSCI 591 and 592 or 598, students will gain experience answering research questions, establishing and testing hypotheses (where applicable) using a research plan and methods developed during the initial course, with an emphasis on the development of research skills and practice interpreting data.
(Note: The primary difference between HSCI 594 (120 hours) and HSCI 599 (240 hours) is the number of hours the student is expected to spend on the project, which corresponds to an expected increase in the scope of the research project.)"

This course will allow students to carry out components of a research project in the Health Sciences. Meant to follow HSCI 591/3.0, HSCI 593/3.0, and HSCI 594/3.0 students will gain experience answering research questions, establishing and testing hypotheses (where applicable) using a research plan and methods developed during the initial course, with an emphasis on the development of research skills and practice interpreting data.
(Note: The primary difference between HSCI 595 (120 hours) and HSCI 599 (240 hours) is the number of hours the student is expected to spend on the project, which corresponds to an expected increase in the scope of the research project.)

This course will allow students to carry out an in-depth research project in the Health Sciences. Students will gain experience searching relevant literature, developing research questions/hypotheses, and designing a research plan and methods, as well as developing preliminary skills in using the methods.
Exclusion: no more than 12 units from HSCI 591,592,593,594,595,598,599.

This course will allow students to carry out an in-depth research project in the Health Sciences. Meant to follow HSCI 592 or 598, students will gain experience answering research questions and/or testing hypotheses using a research plan and methods developed during the initial course, with an emphasis on the development of research skills and practice interpreting data.
Exclusion: no more than 12 units from HSCI 591,592,593,594,595,598,599.

Multidisciplinary course organized around five major fields of scientific endeavour: anatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, and population and global health.
LEARNING HOURS may vary 120(48O;72P)

A course designed for undergraduate students across all programs. Topics include an overview of conceptual approaches to defining and measuring mental health, mental health problems and mental illness, the impact of sleep habits, distress tolerance and self-regulation on well-being, and an introduction to effective coping choices.
LEARNING HOURS 120(48O;72P)

This course aims to prepare learners with the knowledge and capabilities for working within complex interprofessional environments common in the healthcare sector. The course introduces the basics of collaborative practice in healthcare and the related six interprofessional competencies.
NOTE Only offered online. Consult Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

An introduction to ethical, legal and regulatory requirements for people working in the health professions.
LEARNING HOURS may vary 120(48O;72P)

This upper-year course uses design thinking to help students plan their life and career after university. The course places special emphasis on exploring how education and career choices can contribute to positive social change. It also addresses the realities of engaging with contemporary workplaces.
NOTE Due to the personalized nature of the assignments, this course uses a pass/fail grading system.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

This course, the second of two, presents philosophies and methodologies crucial for safe and excellent teamwork in healthcare. It aims to prepare learners with additional knowledge and advanced capabilities to work within complex interprofessional environments, common in diverse workplaces, and indispensable in the healthcare sector. These capabilities, referred to as the `interprofessional competencies' in The National Interprofessional Competency Framework 1 were introduced previously in IDIS 280. They will be expanded and applied in greater detail for the advanced learner. In-depth knowledge and complex skill development will be examined in the following areas: theoretical and global frameworks for collaborative practice and health equity; intercultural communication; teamwork processes; communication tools for safe work in healthcare; philosophies of health, wellness and well-being; and collaborative leadership. Models for effective healthcare teams, via the utilization of knowledge and skills from all stakeholders including patient/client, family, and community partnerships, will be introduced on a community and system levels and applied in authentic scenarios. The course is designed as a series of modules that will address these advanced collaborative teamwork competencies. A significant portion of the course assessments will be application-based, leading students to apply the principles of team-based learning and collaborative practice in group situations.

Individual and collaborative work prepares students to navigate the complex ethical challenges they will face as they enter diverse professional roles in the health system. Course assessment will be based on a combination of active engagement in course discussion, performance in case-based active learning opportunities, and short written case analyses.

Teams of students will identify the critical questions that must be answered to resolve major controversies or gaps of knowledge that impede the application of fundamental principles in the Life Sciences to health care. The end product will be a written report and public presentation that is accessible to a wide audience.
NOTE Restricted to students registered in Level 3 or above in a (LISC Specialization or Major Plan or BCHM Specialization or Major Plan or BIOL Plan or PSYC Plan).
NOTE Limited enrollment available to BIOL and PSYC students.

This course will focus on the role of sex/gender related differences in etiology, pathogenesis and immune responses of human diseases. Conventional and advanced tools in diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting men and women.

Students will learn a number of different laboratory techniques, developing skills in scientific methodology, data acquisition, and interpretation. Students will also attain skills in critical thinking and hypothesis development, as well as gain experience in writing a laboratory report, and participating in research presentations.
NOTE Priority will be given to students registered in a LISC Specialization Plan.

An intermediate laboratory course on the Physiology and Pharmacology of Cardiorespiratory Sciences and Neuroscience. Students develop skills to acquire and evaluate data and methods. Critical thinking skills are used for the development of arguments, assumptions, and information required to evaluate concepts and hypotheses.
NOTE Priority will be given to students registered in a LISC Specialization Plan.

This course is designed to advance critical thinking skills, as well as oral and written communication skills, via an inquiry-based approach in neuroimmunology. Teams of students identify the critical cellular and molecular processes regulating neuro-immune interactions in health and disease.

A multi-disciplinary course exploring advanced concepts of sensorimotor integration from a systems neuroscience perspective. Topics include the neural basis of perception, action selection, reinforcement learning, and motor control. Students will learn to critically evaluate scientific literature and present these concepts to classmates.

This course focuses on 1) the overall organization of the immune system, 2) the role of the immune system in combating diseases caused by common pathogens as well as adverse reactions of the immune system and 3) application of the basic knowledge of immunology to the field of infectious disease prevention and control by vaccines and treatment of cancer. The unique features of this course lie in its overall structure and delivery that will prepare the student for further in-depth learning in the field of immunology.
NOTE This online course in infection and immunity is designed for students from various biological sciences and allied health backgrounds at all levels of post-secondary education and is recommended as a foundation course for students pursuing a life sciences career.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.
NOTE May not be taken for credit towards the Plan requirements of the LISC Specialization or Major Plans.

An introduction to the biology of microbes, including both pathogenic & beneficial bacteria, viruses, fungi, & protozoa. This overview of the biological features of these microorganisms will highlight these organisms¿ roles in the environment & in human health contributing to infectious diseases vs. maintaining healthy microbiomes.
NOTE Only offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences Program office.

This immersive laboratory course is designed to give students the opportunity to apply important microbiological and biochemical research techniques to the study of antibiotic resistance. Students work in small groups on a semester-long project, developing valuable lab skills that will support them with future research
opportunities.

This course will focus on the roles of microbes in health (human microbiome) and disease (pathogens). The molecular mechanisms of bacterial/viral virulence and the host response will be examined in order to develop an in depth understanding of the etiology of infectious diseases and the benefits derived from the human microbiome. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office
NOTE Also offered online. Learning Hours may vary.

Integrates the key principles of immunology to facilitate learning of immunology as it relates to human health and disease. This course offers real-life case studies, problems encountered and solutions applied, immunology virtual laboratory simulation, and extensive coverage of the basic science underlying each topic in the module.
Also offered online.
LEARNING HOURS may vary:120(48O;72P)

This molecular virology course covers viral replication strategies and virus-host interactions, with an emphasis on mechanisms of viral pathogenesis, focusing on human pathogenic viruses such as coronaviruses, hepatitis viruses, HIV, and herpesviruses. Tutorials will be in journal club format with group discussion and analysis of recent literature.

Course material will focus on the molecular basis for virus pathogenesis including host immune responses to virus infection, and viral countermeasures. Emphasis will be on viral infections that result in gastrointestinal, haematological, neurological, and respiratory diseases. Tutorials will focus on discussion of current and seminal literature.

Advanced immunology course focused on current topics in immunology and immunology-related scientific research.

This course will examine basic principles of infectious diseases such as Pathophysiology, Epidemiology and Transmission, and Control of Infectious Agents including an emphasis on Antimicrobial Therapy and Resistance. Selected Infectious Disease syndromes will be examined to explore unique host microbe interactions. Students will work through the topics online using interactive multimedia modules. Student assessment will include weekly online quizzes, group, and individual assignments. Active participation will also form part of student assessment. At the completion of the course, students will have an understanding of the key concepts of emerging topics in infectious diseases.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

Fundamental properties of the nervous system. Emphasis placed on the properties of neurons that are fundamental to neuron-to-neuron communication, the formation of neural circuits, and the repair of the nervous system following injury. Tutorials introduce techniques and neurological problems that illustrate principles of neural function.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

Fundamental properties of the nervous system. Emphasis placed on the properties of neurons and neural circuits that underlie behaviour and cognitive functions within selected neural systems, such as sensory, motor, reward, and autonomic systems. Tutorials introduce techniques and neurological problems that illustrate principles of neural function.

An active learning-based course aimed at providing a thorough scientific perspective on psychedelics. Students will learn about the historical and cultural relevance of psychedelics, their mechanisms of action, and their current and predicted therapeutic use. Emphasis will be placed on rigorously verified knowledge surrounding psychedelic therapy. Course format encourages students to acquire and/or perfect essential learning competencies such as critical thinking, independent learning, problem-solving, communication and teamwork.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

This course will provide an introduction to the main modelling approaches and theoretical concepts in Neuroscience. The computational anatomy of the brain and how it implements perception, learning, memory, decision making and motor control, among other topics, will be discussed.
RECOMMENDATION NSCI 323/3.0, NSCI 324/3.0, ANAT 312/3.0, PSYC 271/3.0.

This course covers the theory and practice of modern neuroimaging methods. Topics include data acquisition, research study design, and analysis methods. Functional MRI is presented in the most depth, but computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), are also covered.

A course providing 1) the essentials in cellular and molecular neuroscience to pursue a graduate program and/or a career in neuroscience or related field, and 2) independent learning and communication skills applicable broadly. The course is divided into three segments: 1) neuronal integration, 2) synaptic plasticity, and 3) neuromodulation.
NOTE BMCO students should contact the Department regarding prerequisites.

A multi-disciplinary course exploring advanced concepts of clinical neuroscience. Topics include stroke, traumatic brain and cord injuries, neurodegenerative disorders, epilepsy, schizophrenia, depression, deep brain stimulation, pain and placebo effects, normal and abnormal aging, stem cells. Students will learn to critically evaluate scientific literature and present these concepts to classmates during student-led seminars. Restricted to fourth-year students. Enrollment is limited.

Cellular dysfunction is a critical feature of neural injury and disease among humans. This course will examine the cellular elements of the mammalian central and peripheral nervous system, with an emphasis placed on understanding normal and abnormal cellular function in both humans and animal models.
NOTE Restricted to students registered in the 4th year.

As insight regarding the human brain expands, so do related issues such as what constitutes personhood, what drives the criminal mind, intelligence-enhancing drugs and end-of-life issues. Lead by experts who deal daily with such concerns, we will focus weekly on a particular topic in neuroscience which impacts on society.

An exploration of brain systems underlying how the we learn and remember, and how they become disordered. Online multimedia modules and study of cutting edge research articles reveal how modern techniques and ideas are driving neuroscience forward. Requires interviewing a person with a disorder in order to learn to advocate for them in society.

This blended course is designed to bring awareness and raise excitement in data science. Through different types of visualization students will learn key concepts of data science and big data investigation. The course will also explore examples of how data science is applied to solve problems in various disciplines.

The course provides an introduction to human disease and our understanding of key conditions with major global health and societal impact, including cardiovascular, neurological and infectious diseases and cancer. The basic concepts of disease mechanisms and current management will be explored using specific diseases and clinical example cases.
Also offered online.
LEARNING HOURS may vary 120(12L;36G;36O;36P)

An introduction to pathology and molecular medicine. The course will be organized around a specific set of diseases, designed to illustrate basic concepts in the molecular biology, biochemistry, and pathology of human disease.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

This upper-year health sciences course covers topics relating to the integrated role of clinical biochemists within a healthcare team. Students will critique analytical techniques in the context of various diseases. Through problem-based learning, students will also explore how to identify and troubleshoot issues in laboratory testing.

The course introduces data science tools and methods to handle, process and extract knowledge and insights from large molecular medicine datasets. The focus will be on applying statistics, machine learning and related methods for the analysis of various research datasets and digital pathology.

An advanced level course introducing current topics in human genetics. The course will focus on the significance and implications of genetic variation and its role in disease, development and normal human diversity. In particular, the course will explore the future directions and implications of human genetic research in the post genomic era. Participation in seminars and group discussions is required. Enrollment is limited.
RECOMMENDATION BCHM 218/3.0 or permission of the course coordinator.

An in-depth perspective of the pathogenesis of human disease. An integration of the genetic, biochemical, physiologic, anatomic, and general etiologic factors which play a role in the progression of several specific diseases from inception to death or recovery. The course will comprise short introductory presentations by teaching faculty followed by the presentation and discussion of relevant scientific papers by students. Given jointly with PATH 826/3.0.

Topics covered include central nervous system stimulants and depressants, narcotics, alcohol, cardiovascular agents, contraceptives, environmental toxicants, mechanism of drug action and disposition, antibiotics, drugs used in sports, over-the-counter drugs, food additives, and vitamins.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office. Learning Hours may vary.

An interdisciplinary course that introduces the basic principles and clinical applications of pharmacology. This 12-week course covers six topics. Students will work through the topics online, using a combination of online modules, readings, and short video clips. Students will participate in a variety of assessments throughout the course.
LEARNING HOURS may vary: 120(48O;72P)
Also offered online.

This course will explore the human toxicology associated with both pharmaceutical and environmental exposures. Topics include metabolism and mechanisms of toxicity of various pharmaceuticals and environmental pollutants. Toxicological effects of specific classes of environmental toxicants and different groups of pharmaceuticals are also discussed.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.

An advanced study of chemical disposition and toxicity. Topics include toxicokinetics, biotransformation, metabolite-mediated toxicity, free radicals, the mechanism of action of toxicants, effects of toxicants on organ systems and a detailed examination of selected toxic agents.
NOTE BCHM, BIOL, BMCO, ELSC, and ETOX students should contact the Department for permission to enrol in this course.

This survey course covers the life-cycle of pharmaceutical products including discovery, development, and the transition to a generic or over-the-counter medication. Specific themes include target identification, design and synthesis, efficacy determination, optimization, preclinical safety assessment, clinical trials, and the differences between biologics and small chemical entities. Social and economic pressures exerted upon the pharmaceutical industry are also explored.

This is an introductory level course on the structure and function of human cells for students interested in pursuing human health-related disciplines. Students will also learn the principles of energy metabolism, cell growth and proliferation, and how cells interact with their environment. There is also an overall focus to relate cellular processes to human function and disease, culminating in a group presentation focused on one specific cell process and how it affects health. Students taking this course will be well-prepared for upper year molecular biology courses.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office. Learning Hours may vary.

The focus of this course is on the central and peripheral nervous systems, muscle physiology, the heart, and the vascular system.
NOTE This course may be paired with PHGY 216/3.0 to achieve an introductory physiology full course (6.0 units).
NOTE Although it is recommended to take PHGY 215/3.0 first, this course can be taken before, after, or concurrently with PHGY 216/3.0.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office. Learning Hours may vary.

The focus of this course is the physiology of the respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and reproductive system.
NOTE This course may be paired with PHGY 215/3.0 to achieve an introductory physiology full course (6.0 units).
NOTE Although it is recommended to take PHGY 215/3.0 first, PHGY 216/3.0 can also be taken before or concurrently with PHGY 215/3.0.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program office.
Learning hour may vary.

This course is designed to advance critical thinking and practical lab skills through collaborative experimentation on human physiological responses to various stimuli. Upon completion, students should be able to (i) plan and perform experimental protocols, (ii) collect, analyze and interpret data and (iii) produce quality presentations of findings.

An introductory course in Pathophysiology in which the underlying functional changes of cell and cell systems will be discussed in association with a variety of disease processes.

An intermediate course focusing on biomedical applications of lung biology. Topics include lung mechanics, gas exchange, acid-base balance and control of breathing.

The electrophysiology and biophysics of neuronal and cardiac membranes; molecular biology, structure, and function of ion channels. Students will learn to critically evaluate scientific literature. Instructional format is primarily student-led seminars.

Students will obtain a general background on various aspects of human reproduction, ranging from male and female gamete development to pregnancy and birth. The course will serve as a gateway to more advanced courses in human reproduction and development.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult the Bachelor of Health Sciences program.

REPD 473, Development Origins of Health and Disease, will cover how the early-life environment contributes to later-life health. Four major topics will be covered: maternal exposures, maternal nutrition, infection, and pregnancy complications. Students will learn about how alterations in the embryonic and fetal environment due to these four parameters can and do contribute to the development of non-communicable diseases that persist throughout life. Students will have the opportunity to explore and consolidate the academic literature pertaining to DOHaD, as well as investigating the resources available to these populations of patients.